Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Peterson HB[original query] |
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Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: individual participant meta-analysis, including 118,964 women with breast cancer from 117 epidemiological studies
Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer , Lee N , Marchbanks P , Ory HW , Peterson HB , Wingo P . Lancet Oncol 2012 13 (11) 1141-51 BACKGROUND: Menarche and menopause mark the onset and cessation, respectively, of ovarian activity associated with reproduction, and affect breast cancer risk. Our aim was to assess the strengths of their effects and determine whether they depend on characteristics of the tumours or the affected women. METHODS: Individual data from 117 epidemiological studies, including 118,964 women with invasive breast cancer and 306,091 without the disease, none of whom had used menopausal hormone therapy, were included in the analyses. We calculated adjusted relative risks (RRs) associated with menarche and menopause for breast cancer overall, and by tumour histology and by oestrogen receptor expression. FINDINGS: Breast cancer risk increased by a factor of 1.050 (95% CI 1.044-1.057; p<0.0001) for every year younger at menarche, and independently by a smaller amount (1.029, 1.025-1.032; p<0.0001), for every year older at menopause. Premenopausal women had a greater risk of breast cancer than postmenopausal women of an identical age (RR at age 45-54 years 1.43, 1.33-1.52, p<0.001). All three of these associations were attenuated by increasing adiposity among postmenopausal women, but did not vary materially by women's year of birth, ethnic origin, childbearing history, smoking, alcohol consumption, or hormonal contraceptive use. All three associations were stronger for lobular than for ductal tumours (p<0.006 for each comparison). The effect of menopause in women of an identical age and trends by age at menopause were stronger for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease (p<0.01 for both comparisons). INTERPRETATION: The effects of menarche and menopause on breast cancer risk might not be acting merely by lengthening women's total number of reproductive years. Endogenous ovarian hormones are more relevant for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease and for lobular than for ductal tumours. FUNDING: Cancer Research UK. |
Ovarian cancer and body size: individual participant meta-analysis including 25,157 women with ovarian cancer from 47 epidemiological studies
Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer , Lee N , Marchbanks P , Ory HW , Peterson HB , Wingo PA . PLoS Med 2012 9 (4) e1001200 BACKGROUND: Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe these relationships. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Individual data on 25,157 women with ovarian cancer and 81,311 women without ovarian cancer from 47 epidemiological studies were collected, checked, and analysed centrally. Adjusted relative risks of ovarian cancer were calculated, by height and by body mass index. Ovarian cancer risk increased significantly with height and with body mass index, except in studies using hospital controls. For other study designs, the relative risk of ovarian cancer per 5 cm increase in height was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.09; p<0.001); this relationship did not vary significantly by women's age, year of birth, education, age at menarche, parity, menopausal status, smoking, alcohol consumption, having had a hysterectomy, having first degree relatives with ovarian or breast cancer, use of oral contraceptives, or use of menopausal hormone therapy. For body mass index, there was significant heterogeneity (p<0.001) in the findings between ever-users and never-users of menopausal hormone therapy, but not by the 11 other factors listed above. The relative risk for ovarian cancer per 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index was 1.10 (95% CI, 1.07-1.13; p<0.001) in never-users and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92-0.99; p = 0.02) in ever-users of hormone therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Ovarian cancer is associated with height and, among never-users of hormone therapy, with body mass index. In high-income countries, both height and body mass index have been increasing in birth cohorts now developing the disease. If all other relevant factors had remained constant, then these increases in height and weight would be associated with a 3% increase in ovarian cancer incidence per decade. (2012 Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer.) |
Accelerating science-driven solutions to challenges in global reproductive health: a new framework for moving forward
Peterson HB , D'Arcangues C , Haidar J , Curtis KM , Merialdi M , Gulmezoglu AM , Say L , Mbizvo M . Obstet Gynecol 2011 117 (3) 720-726 Recommendations shaping policies, programs, and practices in global health should be based on the best available science, but how best to achieve this objective is less clear. We describe a new approach developed by the United Nations Development Programme/United Nations Population Fund/World Health Organization/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction within the World Health Organization Department of Reproductive Health and Research for addressing key challenges in global reproductive health. This approach leads to new recommendations for accelerating solutions to priority needs in the field and continued improvements in the science base-including the implementation science base-for meeting these needs. The key components of this new cycle for science-driven solutions include: 1) identifying priority needs of the field; 2) creating guidance that meets the needs of the field; 3) identifying research gaps and establishing and funding research priorities; 4) research synthesis and updating of the guidance in a timely fashion; and 5) supporting utilization in countries through systematic introduction of science-driven solutions. There is a synergistic effect when the contributions of the individual components of this cycle are linked. Strong institutional support is required for this collective effort, as is the creation of a team of researchers, practitioners, donors, and implementing agencies with shared responsibilities for its success. This new approach has already made important contributions toward addressing key challenges in family planning and maternal and perinatal health. We believe that it will help bridge the gap between knowledge and action for reproductive health and for global health more broadly. |
Adaptation of the World Health Organization's Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use for use in the United States
Curtis KM , Jamieson DJ , Peterson HB , Marchbanks PA . Contraception 2010 82 (1) 3-9 BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently adapted global guidance on contraceptive use from the World Health Organization (WHO) to create the United States Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (MEC). This guidance includes recommendations for use of specific contraceptive methods by people with certain characteristics or medical conditions. STUDY DESIGN: CDC determined the need and scope for the adaptation, conducted 12 systematic reviews of the scientific evidence and convened a meeting of health professionals to discuss recommendations based on the evidence. RESULTS: The vast majority of the US guidance is the same as the WHO guidance and addresses over 160 characteristics or medical conditions. Modifications were made to WHO recommendations for six medical conditions, and recommendations were developed for six new medical conditions. CONCLUSION: The US MEC is intended to serve as a source of clinical guidance for providers as they counsel clients about contraceptive method choices. |
Keeping evidence-based recommendations up to date: the World Health Organization's global guidance for family planning
Curtis KM , Peterson HB , d'Arcangues C . Contraception 2009 80 (4) 323-4 Since the mid 1990s, the World Health Organization's (WHO) Department of Reproductive Health and Research, in collaboration with international partners, has been creating and updating global guidance for family planning, based on the best scientific evidence. In April 2008, WHO held its most recent expert meeting to update this guidance and create the fourth edition of the Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use[1] and the third edition of the Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use[2]. The Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use gives recommendations regarding whether women with specific characteristics and medical conditions can use various methods of contraception. The Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use addresses 33 contraceptive management issues, including contraceptive method initiation and continuation, management of side effects, and screening tests needed prior to contraceptive initiation. WHO has also created two companion documents that incorporate all of the guidance of the Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use and the Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use into tools for family planning providers. The first is the Decision Making Tool for Family Planning Clients and Providers[3], which is a flip chart used to facilitate provider–client interaction in choosing a method of contraception. The second is Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers[4], created in collaboration with major family planning organizations around the world. These WHO Four Cornerstones for Evidence-based Guidance for Family Planning have had an impact on family planning practice globally. For example, the third edition of the Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use has been incorporated into guidelines in over 50 countries and is available in 13 languages. |
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